Federal Republic of Germany – جمهورية ألمانيا الاتحادية – Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland

• Location: Central Europe
• Area: 357.104,07 km²
• Population: (01.2010) 81,757,600
• Population density: 229 inhabitants per km²
• Capital city and largest city: Berlin (52°31’N 13°23’E)
• Official language(s): German
• Time zone: Central European Time (CET) with European daylight savings time
• Telephone country code: +49
• Internet TLD: .de
• Power voltage: 230 V, 50 Hz
• Neighboring countries: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland
• Climate: Temperate climate zone , Average annual temperature: 9 °C
• Highest mountain: Zugspitze 2962 m
• Longest rivers (navigable): Rhine 865 km, Elbe 700 km, Danube 647 km, Main 524 km, Weser 440 km, Saale 427 km, Spree 382 km, Ems 371 km, Neckar 367 km, Havel 343 km, Werra 292 km, Mosel 242 km, Fulda 218 km, Elde 208 km, Oder 162 km
• Largest lakes: Lake Constance 572 km², Müritz 110 km², Chiemsee 80 km², Lake Schwerin 61 km², Lake Starnberg 56 km²

Political System
• State system: Democratic-parliamentary federal state since 1949
• Capital city: Berlin
• Administration: Basic Law from 1949 (with amendments)
• Head of state: State president Christian Wulff (CDU)
• Parliament: Bundestag – Lower House (613 members) and Bundesrat – Upper House (69 members)
• Head of government: Federal Chancellor Dr. Angela Merkel
• President of the Bundestag: Norbert Lammert (CDU)
• President of the Bundesrat: Hannelore Kraft (SPD)
• Administration: 16 states

Economy
• Currency: 1 euro = 100 cents
• GDP: $3.673 trillion (2008)
• GDP growth: 3.6% (2010)
• GDP per capita Nominal: $44,729 (2008)
• GDP by sector agriculture: 0.8%; industry: 27.9%; services: 71,3% (2010 est.)
• Inflation (CPI): 1.3% (October 2010)[4]
• Population below poverty line: 11% (2001)
• Gini index: .27 (2006)
• Labour force: 43.51 million (2009 est.)
• Labour force by occupation agriculture: (2,4%), industry (29,7%), services (67,8%) (2005)
• Unemployment: 6.6% (December 2010)
• Main industries: iron, steel, coal, cement, chemicals, machinery, vehicles, machine tools, electronics, food and beverages, shipbuilding, textiles
• Ease of Doing Business Rank: 22nd
• Exports: €1.146 trillion (2010)
• Major export goods: machinery, vehicles, chemicals, metals and manufactures, foodstuffs, textiles
• Main export partners: France 10.2%, U.S. 6.7%, Netherlands 6.7%, U.K. 6.6%, Italy 6.3%, Austria 6%, China 4.5%, Switzerland 4.4% (2009 est.)
• Imports: €1.020 trillion (2010)
• Major Import goods: machinery, vehicles, chemicals, foodstuffs, textiles, metals
• Main import partners: Netherlands 8.5%, China 8.2%, France 8.2%, U.S. 5.9%, Italy 5.9%, U.K. 4.9%, Belgium 4.3%, Austria 4.3%, Switzerland 4.2% (2009 est.)
• FDI stock: $1.021 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
• Gross external debt: $5.208 trillion (30 June 2009) Public finances
• Public debt: 77.2% of GDP (2009 est.)
• Revenues $1.398 trillion (2009 est.)
• Expenses $1.54 trillion (2009 est.)
• Economic aid donor: $7.5 billion, 0.28% of GDP GDP Germany is ranked on the CPI 2009 as 14th for the perceived level of public sector corruption, with a confidence range between 7.7-8.3 (2004)
• Foreign reserves:$184 billion (Sept 2009 est.)
• Major seaports: Hamburg, Bremen/Bremerhaven, Wilhelmshaven, Lübeck, Rostock
• Air traffic: 19 international airports; largest airport: Frankfurt International Airport (IATA-Code: FRA)

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